Performance Analysis of Adaptive Beamforming Algorithms for Microstrip Smart Antennas

The current wireless cellular base station antenna system employs switched beam technology which suffers from its inefficiency to track the user and limited capacity. The Smart antenna technology which tracks the mobile user continuously by steering the main beam towards the user and at the same time forming nulls in the directions of the interfering signal. The development of smart antennas includes the design of antenna array and adjusting the incoming signal by changing the weights of the amplitude as well as phase using efficient Digital Signal Processing algorithms [1]. This paper mainly focuses on the existing adaptive beam forming algorithms such as LMS, SMI, RLS, LMS/SMI, CMA and LSCMA applied for uniform linear array antenna. The above adaptive algorithms are simulated using MATLAB for the microstrip linear arrays. Upon comparing the parameters such as number of iterations and half power beamwidth, we proved that the LS-CMA algorithm outperforms than other algorithms for smart base station antenna for cellular communication networks.